D4.2 | CodeZERO Delivery and Return Solutions

This deliverable reports on the second task of CodeZERO WP4, which aims at running the co-design approach described in Deliverable 4.1 to identify new sustainable solutions for the last mile in e-commerce. It describes the output of the co-design workshops organized in Oslo, Utrecht, Antwerp, and Milan.

As this deliverable is the first version, it describes the results of the first two workshops. A final version of this deliverable will be published by the end of December 2026, after the completion of the piloting phase and the third co-design workshop.

The first workshop focused on the first two steps of the Double Diamond Design model (discover and define), where problem statements calling for new delivery options were formulated. The second workshop focused on the creation step, where solution(s) to the problem(s) were discussed with stakeholders.

As a result of the two workshops, solutions to be tested in the different cities are outlined. These solutions are being further developed in follow-up meetings with pilot partners and are expected to be tested in the period January – June 2026 (indicatively).

The following solutions emerged from the co-design process:

• Antwerp: The parcel lockers of bpost will be further expanded, and online shoppers will be encouraged to use the infrastructure when choosing their delivery method.
• Milan: Where the collaboration between So.De and IKEA already provides environmentally and socially sustainable deliveries in the city, the focus is on improving consignments in the city centre by testing new delivery models and increasing the visibility of these solutions to citizens.
• Oslo: Mobile pick-up points will be tested by IKEA for goods up to 30 kg in weight.
• Utrecht: The focus will be on consolidated deliveries to a micro hub in the city centre, from which the last mile will be completed by e-bike (or a similar vehicle)

Beyond the innovative outputs generated by these workshops, lessons learned from the co-design process are emphasized by reflecting on each workshop experience. Participant feedback showed how the approach supported the team in building trust and mutual understanding through inclusive participation and equal contribution. The process therefore allowed for more creativity and confidence in the development of the solutions.