This deliverable presents the midterm assessment of the four CodeZERO Living Labs in Milan, Oslo, Utrecht and Antwerp, where innovative zero-emission delivery and return solutions for e-commerce are being tested in real urban environments. At this stage, the pilots were still ongoing, so the report focuses on implementation progress, enabling factors, barriers encountered and early observations rather than final impact results.

The four pilots explore a range of operational and communication solutions designed to make last-mile logistics more sustainable while remaining attractive to consumers and feasible for retailers and logistics providers. These include cargo bike deliveries in Milan, mobile pick-up points in Oslo, a micro-hub supported by light electric vehicles in Utrecht, and expanded out-of-home delivery networks in Antwerp. Alongside the operational pilots, partners tested communication measures aimed at increasing awareness and uptake of sustainable delivery options.

The report highlights the importance of strong cooperation between cities, retailers and logistics operators in implementing sustainable delivery services. Across the four cities, close collaboration, supportive local policies and robust monitoring systems emerged as key enablers. At the same time, common challenges included technical constraints, charging infrastructure limitations, data collection difficulties and low survey response rates, which made it harder to measure behavioural change among consumers.

Early findings suggest that zero-emission delivery solutions are feasible in a variety of urban contexts, but their effectiveness depends on local conditions and operational design. The assessment also shows that communication can help increase visibility and awareness of new delivery options, although convenience, price and existing habits remain strong determinants of consumer behaviour. The final evaluation of the pilots will build on these interim findings to assess their environmental, operational and behavioural impacts in greater depth.